Commentary
Did you see? Inform me. And what has Allah revealed? "What" in the accusative position by saying, or by "Did you see," in the meaning: inform me. So you made some of it forbidden and some lawful. That is, Allah has sent down all of it as lawful provision, yet you divided it and said: this is lawful and this is forbidden. As in their saying: these are livestock and tilled land, what is in the bellies of these livestock is exclusively for our males and is forbidden for our wives. Did Allah permit you? This is related to "Did you see." And the word "and" is a repetition for emphasis.
And the meaning is: inform me, did Allah permit you in making lawful and unlawful, so you do that by His permission, or do you lie about Allah by attributing that to Him? It is possible that the hamzah is for denial, and "and" is disjunctive meaning: rather, do you fabricate against Allah, confirming the fabrication. And this verse is sufficient as a strong deterrent against transgressing in what is asked about the rulings. It urges the necessity of caution in it, and that no one should say about something permissible or impermissible except after certainty and precision. And whoever does not have certainty, let him fear Allah and remain silent; otherwise, he is fabricating against Allah. On the Day of Resurrection, he will be judged by mere suspicion, and that suspicion is a reality in which he is involved, meaning: what do the fabricators think on that day about what will be done to them? It is the Day of recompense for good and evil, and it is a great warning as its matter is ambiguous. And 'Isa ibn Umar read: "And what did they think," in the form of the verb. Its meaning is: and what suspicion did they have on the Day of Resurrection? It was brought in the past tense because it is inevitable, as if it has already occurred. Indeed, Allah is surely gracious to the people, as He has bestowed upon them intellect and has mercy upon them through revelation and teaching of the lawful and unlawful. But most of them do not give thanks for this blessing nor do they follow what they have been guided to.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Yunus verse 60